For the Economics major, all students must complete the following courses:

ECON 1 or ECON 2
MATH 1A or 16A and 1B or 16B
STAT 20, STAT 21, STAT W21, STAT 88/DATA C88S, STAT C131A, STAT 135, or STAT/DATA C140
ECON 100A or 101A
ECON 100B or 101B (or UGBA 101B**)
ECON 140 or 141
5 Upper Division Economics Electives at UC Berkeley or Approved by Economics Dept. See list below.
 
All major courses must be taken for a letter grade. 
 
 
For further information regarding admission to the Economics major, please visit https://www.econ.berkeley.edu/undergrad/prospective.
 
For Fall 2020, Spring 2021, and Summer 2021 students may elect the P/NP grading option for Economics major and prerequisite courses. Please visit Fall 2020 through Summer 2021: Economics P/NP Grading Option Policy Modifications for further details.
 
Students completing double majors or simultaneous degrees are only allowed to overlap a maximum of TWO upper division courses. This includes micro and/or macro economics.
 
Students can take no more than TWO courses from outside the Economics Department at Berkeley to count towards the upper division requirements of the Economics major.
 
The Economics major GPA includes the 3 upper division core courses (ECON 100A/101A, ECON 100B/101, and ECON 140/141) and 5 upper division electives. If ECON H195B is taken, it must count as one of the five electives. If more than 5 upper division electives are completed, the department will automatically count the 5 highest grades. See FAQ for further details on major GPA calculation.
 
Please email ugrad@econ.berkeley.edu for additional information.

REQUIRED CORE COURSES

ECON 100A  Microeconomics or ECON 101A  Microeconomics (Math Intensive) 
ECON 100B  Macroeconomics or ECON 101B  Macroeconomics (Math Intensive) or UGBA 101B**  Macroeconomic Analysis for Business Decisions
ECON 140  Econometrics or ECON 141  Econometrics (Math Intensive)

NOTE: The math intensive courses require the completion of higher level math prerequisites prior to enrollment. See Course Catalog for prerequisite information.

APPROVED ELECTIVES AT UC BERKELEY (last updated: 4/29/25)

COURSES IN THE ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT: (if a course is "cross-listed" in this list, it counts as an "Economics Department" course)
 
Economics C102   (also listed as ENVECON C102) Natural Resource Economics 
Economics C103   (also listed as Math C103) Introduction to Mathematical Economics 
Economics 104   Advanced Microeconomic Theory
Economics 105   History of Economic Thought
Economics 106   Advanced Macroeconomics
Economics C110   (also listed as Political Science C135, Political Science W135, or Economics N110) Game Theory in the Social Sciences --Students will receive no credit for Econ c110/PS c135 after taking Econ 104.
Economics 111   Applied Mechanism Design
Economics 113   U.S. Economic History
Economics 115   The World Economy in the Twentieth Century  -- Economics 115 and History 160 are credit exclusive. Students will not receive credit for both courses
Economics 119   Psychology and Economics
Economics 121   Industrial Organization and Public Policy
Economics 122   Industrial Organization Seminar
Economics 123   Government Regulation of Industry
Economics 124   Special Topics in Industrial Organization
Economics C125   (also listed as ENVECON C101) Environmental Economics
Economics 127 Antitrust Economics and Law
Economics 130   Using Economics for Public Policy (new course starting Fall 2021)
Economics 131   Public Economics
Economics 132   Seminar in Public Sector Economics
Economics 133   Global Inequality and Growth
Economics 134   Macroeconomic Policy from the Great Depression to Today
Economics 135   Economic Growth in Historical Perspective
Economics 136   Financial Economics (Students will receive no unit credit for ECON 136 after taking UGBA 103. Students may earn unit credit for UGBA 103 after taking ECON 136, but note that UGBA 103 does not count as an elective for the Economics major, see "Shuttered upper division electives" below).  --Effective summer 2013, students who take ECON 136 and/or ENGIN 120 will receive Economic elective credit only for the first course completed.
Economics 137   Aggregate Economics Seminar
Economics 138   Financial and Behavioral Economics
Economics 139   Asset Pricing and Portfolio Choice
Economics C142   (also listed as Pub Pol C142 & PoliSci C131A) Applied Econometrics and Public Policy
Economics 143   Econometrics: Advanced Methods and Applications
Economics 144   Empirical Asset Pricing (new course starting Spring 2024)  
Economics C147   (also listed as COMPSCI C177) Algorithmic Economics (new course starting Spring 2024)  
Economics 148   Data Science for Economists
Economics 151   Labor Economics
Economics 152   Wage Theory and Policy
Economics 153   Labor Economics Seminar
Economics 154   Economics of Discrimination
Economics 155   Urban Economics
Economics 155A   Cities and Public Policy
Economics 157   Health Economics
Economics 161   Economics of Transition: Eastern Europe
Economics 162   The Chinese Economy
Economics 165   Money and Banking (new course starting Spring 2024)
Economics C171   (also listed as ENVECON C151) Economic Development 
Economics 172   Case Studies in Economic Development
Economics 173   Economic Development Seminar
Economics 174   Global Poverty and Impact Evaluation
Economics C175   (also listed as Demography C175) Economic Demography 
Economics C181   (also listed as ENVECON C181) International Trade -- Economics c181 and UGBA 118 are considered by the university to be equivalent courses. Students will not receive credit for both courses;
Economics 182   International Monetary Economics
Economics 183   International Economic Seminar
Economics C184   (also listed as ENVECON C132) International Environmental Economics
Economics C188   (also listed as ENVECON C188) Advanced Topics in International Economics (new course starting Fall 2024)
Economics 190   Economics Seminar (topics vary)
Economics 191   Topics in Economics Research 
Economics 196   Topics in Economics 
 
COURSES OUTSIDE THE ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT: (if a course is "cross-listed" in this list, it still counts as OUTSIDE the "Economics Department")
 
Students can take no more than TWO courses from outside the Economics Department at Berkeley to count towards the upper division requirements of the Economics major. Courses outside the major are listed below:
 
City and Regional Planning 113A**   Economic Analysis for Planning (approved Spring 2018)
City and Regional Planning 113B**   Community and Economic Development (CYPLAN 113B has been renumbered to CYPLAN 160. Students who take CYPLAN 113B and/or CYPLAN 160 will receive Economic elective credit only for the first course completed.)
City and Regional Planning 160**     The Origins and Practice of Community Development (approved Fall 2020; CYPLAN 113B has been renumbered to CYPLAN 160. Students who take CYPLAN 113B and/or CYPLAN 160 will receive Economic elective credit only for the first course completed.)
Engineering 120/Industrial Engineering 120**   (Spring 2023; listed as Industrial Engineering 120) Principles of Engineering Economics  --Effective summer 2013, students who take Econ 136 and/or Engin 120 will receive Economic elective credit only for the first course completed.
ENVECON 131**   Globalization and the Natural Environment
ENVECON 141**   Agricultural and Environmental Policy (approved Fall 2019)
ENVECON 143**   Economics of Innovation and Intellectual Property
ENVECON 145**   Health and Environmental Economic Policy (approved Fall 2013)
ENVECON 152**   Advanced Topics in Development and International Trade (approved fall 2015)
ENVECON 153**   Population, Environment, and Development (approved Fall 2020)
ENVECON 162**   Economics of Water Resources (approved Fall 2015)
ENVECON C176 ** (also listed as IAS C176 and ENERES C176) Climate Change Economics (approved Spring 2018)
Geography 110**   Critical Economic Geographies (approved Spring 2021)
History 133A**  History of American Capitalism: Business, Work, Labor (approved Spring 2019)
History 159A**  European Economic History
History C159A**  (also listed as POLECON C160) Origins of Capitalism
History 159B**  The Power of Ideas: The History of Economic and Social Thought
History 160**   International Economy of the 20th Century -- Economics 115 and History 160 are credit exclusive. Students will not receive credit for both courses
Legal Studies 142** Monetary Law and Regulation
Legal Studies 145**   Law and Economics I
Legal Studies 147**   Law and Economics II
Philosophy 141**   Philosophy and Game Theory
Public Policy 141**   Behavioral Economics for Public Policy (new course starting Fall 2021)  
UGBA 118**   International Trade  -- Economics c181 and UGBA 118 are considered by the university to be equivalent courses. Students will not receive credit for both courses
UGBA 131**   Corporate Finance and Financial Statement Analysis
UGBA 132**   Financial Institutions and Markets
UGBA 133**  Investments
UGBA 136F**  Behavioral Finance (approved spring 2016)
UGBA 180**   Real Estate and Urban Land Economics

 

Shuttered Upper Division Electives: These courses no longer count for the Economics major per the notation below.

Public Health 126**   Introduction to Health Economics and Public Policy (valid elective only before Fall 2018)
Public Policy 103/c103**    (also listed as L&S C180U) Wealth & Poverty (valid elective only before Fall 2019)
UGBA 103** Introduction to Finance (valid elective only before Fall 2013)
 

** Courses outside the department.

A maximum of two approved upper division courses (including the macro theory courses) may be taken outside the department towards upper division major requirements. This includes courses transferred to UC Berkeley, courses taken through EAP, at summer school elsewhere, and the pre-approved courses offered at UC Berkeley through other departments (Business, History, Legal Studies, etc.). For more information, please contact the Economics Undergraduate Advisor. Courses officially cross-listed with upper-division Economics courses do not count toward the two course maximum. 

COURSES TAKEN AT OTHER UNIVERSITIES

If you have taken an Economics course at another university and wish to have it considered for major credit, please fill out the course equivalency request form. If the course is a mathematics or statistic prerequisite that has been taken at another four-year university, those courses will be evaluated by the Mathematics and Statistics Departments.  A maximum of two upper-division courses offered outside of the department may be accepted.